US Company Formation and Tax Filing: Federal vs. State Requirements

Published on: February 9, 2025

Starting a business in the US involves company formation at the state level and tax compliance with federal and state authorities. The process varies depending on your business structure (LLC, Corporation, etc.) and location.

At ICT, we provide US business registration and tax compliance training to help entrepreneurs and professionals navigate complex requirements.

Step 1: Choosing a Business Structure

Entity Type

Key Features

Best For

Sole Proprietorship

Simplest form, no formal registration

Freelancers, solo entrepreneurs

LLC (Limited Liability Company)

Personal asset protection, flexible taxation

Small to mid-sized businesses

C-Corporation

Separate legal entity, double taxation

Startups seeking investors

S-Corporation

Pass-through taxation, shareholder limits

Profitable small businesses

💡 Tip: Most small businesses choose LLCs for liability protection and tax flexibility.

Step 2: Registering Your Business

  1. A) Federal Requirements
    1. Obtain an EIN (Employer Identification Number)
  • Free from the IRS website(required for hiring employees & taxes).
    1. Register with the IRS(if hiring employees) for payroll taxes.
    2. B) State-Level Registration
    3. File Formation Documents
  • LLCs:Articles of Organization
  • Corporations:Articles of Incorporation
    1. Pay State Filing Fees(50−50−500, varies by state).
    2. Obtain Business Licenses(industry-specific permits may apply).

📌 Delaware & Wyoming are popular for their business-friendly laws.

Step 3: Understanding US Tax Obligations

Federal Taxes

Tax Type

Who Files?

Due Date

Income Tax

All businesses

Apr 15 (or Oct 15 with extension)

Self-Employment Tax

Sole proprietors, partners

Quarterly estimated payments

Payroll Tax

Employers

Monthly/Semi-weekly

State Taxes

  • State Income Tax(except TX, FL, NV, etc.)
  • Sales Tax(if selling taxable goods/services)
  • Franchise Tax(annual fee in some states like CA, DE)

⚠️ Penalties: Late filings can incur 5-25% fines + interest.

Step 4: Annual Compliance Requirements

Entity

Federal Filing

State Filing

LLC

Form 1065 (Partnership) or Schedule C (Sole Prop)

Annual report + fee

C-Corp

Form 1120

Franchise tax report

S-Corp

Form 1120S

Varies by state

💡 Pro Tip: Use accounting software (QuickBooks, Xero) to track deductions and simplify filings.

ICT’s US Business & Tax Training Programs

Our expert-led courses cover:
✅ US Company Formation (LLC vs. Corporation)
✅ Federal & State Tax Compliance
✅ IRS Audit Defense Strategies

🔗 Enroll Now: ICT US Business Courses

Key Takeaways

Choose the right business structure (LLC is most common).
Register at both federal & state levels.
File tax returns on time to avoid penalties.
Consider hiring a CPA for complex cases.

📞 Need expert help? Contact ICT US Business Advisors today!

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